OPT-ISM Eye Care Blog
Helpful eye care tips, vision education, and modern optometry insights from OPTISM in Tampa, FL.

Pituitary tumors are usually benign, but they can affect side vision when they press on the optic nerves. Learn the symptoms, how common they are, and why an eye exam can help detect early warning signs.

An altitudinal visual field defect means the top or bottom part of vision is missing. This pattern often respects the horizontal midline and may point toward disease in the eye, retina, or optic nerve. Brain-related visual field defects more often respect the vertical midline, making the pattern of vision loss an important diagnostic clue.

Vision feels instant, but it is actually a highly organized neurologic process. Light enters the eye, is focused onto the retina, converted into electrical signals, refined by retinal circuitry, and then transmitted through the optic nerve and visual pathway to the visual cortex.

The visual pathway is one of the most powerful localization tools in eye care and neuro-ophthalmology. By understanding how retinal fibers cross, relay, and map to the cortex, clinicians can use visual field patterns to help identify where a lesion may be located.

Learn how eye doctors read an HVF 24-2 visual field, including reliability, grayscale, total deviation, pattern deviation, MD, PSD, VFI, and common glaucoma patterns.